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PHP XML Examples

Fetching a remote XML document in PHP

<?php
$url = 'http://rss.news.yahoo.com/rss/omg';
$rss = simplexml_load_file($url);
print '<ul>';
foreach ($rss->channel->item as $item) {
   print '<li><a href="' .
         htmlentities($item->link) .
         '">' .
         htmlentities($item->title) .
         '</a></li>';
}
print '</ul>';
?>

Generate Atom feeds from your data

class atom1 extends DOMDocument {
    private $ns;
 
    public function __construct($title, $href, $name, $id) {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->formatOutput = true;
 
        $this->ns = 'http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom';
 
        $root = $this->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'feed'));
 
        $root->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'title', $title));
        $link = $root->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'link'));
        $link->setAttribute('href', $href);
        $root->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'updated',
            date('Y-m-d\\TH:i:sP')));
        $author = $root->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'author'));
        $author->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'name', $name));
        $root->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'id', $id));
    }
 
    public function addEntry($title, $link, $summary) {
        $entry = $this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'entry');
        $entry->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'title', $title));
        $entry->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'link', $link));
 
        $id = uniqid('http://example.org/atom/entry/ids/');
        $entry->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'id', $id));
 
        $entry->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'updated',
            date(DATE_ATOM)));
        $entry->appendChild($this->createElementNS($this->ns, 'summary',
    $summary));
 
        $this->documentElement->appendChild($entry);
    }
}
 
$atom = new atom1('Channel Title', 'http://www.example.org',
                'Atom', 'http://example.org/atom/feed/ids/1');
 
$atom->addEntry('Item 1', 'http://www.example.org/item1',
              'Item 1 Description', 'http://example.org/atom/entry/ids/1');
 
$atom->addEntry('Item 2', 'http://www.example.org/item2',
              'Item 2 Description', 'http://example.org/atom/entry/ids/2');
 
print $atom->saveXML();

Output:


2006-10-23T22:33:59-07:00

Atom

http://example.org/atom/feed/ids/1

http://www.example.org/item1 http://example.org/atom/entry/ids/1
2006-10-23T20:23:32-07:00

Item 1 Description


http://www.example.org/item2 http://example.org/atom/entry/ids/2
2006-10-23T21:53:44-07:00

Item 2 Description


Generate RSS feeds from your data

<?php
class rss2 extends DOMDocument {
    private $channel;
 
    public function __construct($title, $link, $description) {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->formatOutput = true;
 
        $root = $this->appendChild($this->createElement('rss'));
        $root->setAttribute('version', '2.0');
 
        $channel= $root->appendChild($this->createElement('channel'));
 
        $channel->appendChild($this->createElement('title', $title));
        $channel->appendChild($this->createElement('link', $link));
        $channel->appendChild($this->createElement('description', $description));
 
        $this->channel = $channel;
    }
 
    public function addItem($title, $link, $description) {
        $item = $this->createElement('item');
        $item->appendChild($this->createElement('title', $title));
        $item->appendChild($this->createElement('link', $link));
        $item->appendChild($this->createElement('description', $description));
 
        $this->channel->appendChild($item);
    }
}
 
$rss = new rss2('Channel Title', 'http://www.example.org',
                'Channel Description');
 
$rss->addItem('Item 1', 'http://www.example.org/item1',
              'Item 1 Description');
$rss->addItem('Item 2', 'http://www.example.org/item2',
              'Item 2 Description');
 
print $rss->saveXML();
?>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rss version="2.0">
  <channel>
    <title>Channel Title</title>
    <link>http://www.example.org</link>
    <description>Channel Description</description>
    <item>
      <title>Item 1</title>
      <link>http://www.example.org/item1</link>
      <description>Item 1 Description</description>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Item 2</title>
      <link>http://www.example.org/item2</link>
      <description>Item 2 Description</description>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>

Access channel attribute using MagpieRSS

<?php
$feed = 'http://feeds.feedburner.com/w3mentor?format=rss';
$rss = fetch_rss($feed);
 
print "<ul>\n";
 
foreach ($rss->channel as $key => $value) {
    print "<li>$key: $value</li>\n";
}
 
print "</ul>\n";
?>

Reading RSS and Atom Feeds using MagpieRSS parser

Using the MagpieRSS parser here’s an example that reads the RSS feed.

<?php
require 'rss_fetch.inc';
 
$feed = 'http://feeds.feedburner.com/w3mentor?format=rss';
 
$rss = fetch_rss( $feed );
 
print "<ul>\n";
foreach ($rss->items as $item) {
    print '<li><a href="' . $item['link'] . '">' . $item['title'] . "</a></li>\n";
}
print "</ul>\n";
?>

Handling Content Encoding in PHP XML

Use the iconv library to convert it before passing it into an XML extension:

$utf_8 = iconv('ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8', $iso_8859_1);

Then convert it back when you are finished:

$iso_8859_1 = iconv('UTF-8', 'ISO-8859-1', $utf_8);

Validating XML String using PHP

With XML in a string, call DOMDocument::schemaValidateSource() or DOMDocument::relaxNGValidateSource():

$xml = '<person><firstname>Raja</firstname></person>';
$schema = 'address.xsd';
$ab = new DOMDocument
$ab->load($file);
 
if ($ab->&gt;schemaValidateSource($schema)) {
    print "XML is valid.\n";
} else {
    print "XML is invalid.\n";
}

Validating XML Documents using PHP

With existing DOM objects, call DOMDocument::schemaValidate( ) or DOMDocument::relaxNGValidate( ):

$file = 'addresses.xml';
$schema = 'addresses.xsd';
$ab = new DOMDocument
$ab->load($file);
 
if ($ab->schemaValidate($schema)) {
    print "$file is valid.\n";
} else {
    print "$file is invalid.\n";
}

Call user defined functions from XSL

function replace_email($nodes) {
    return preg_replace('/([^@\s]+)@([-a-z0-9]+\.)+[a-z]{2,}/is',
                        '$1@...',
                        $nodes[0]->nodeValue);
}
 
$dom  = new DOMDocument;
$dom->load('addresses.xml');
$xsl  = new DOMDocument
$xsl->load('stylesheet.xsl');
 
$xslt = new XSLTProcessor();
$xslt->importStylesheet($xsl);
$xslt->registerPhpFunctions();
print $xslt->transformToXML($dom);

Stylesheet.xsl

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
  xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl"
  xsl:extension-element-prefixes="php">
 
<xsl:template match="@*|node()">
  <xsl:copy>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
  </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
 
 
<xsl:template match="/addresses/person/email">
  <xsl:copy>
    <xsl:value-of select="php:function('replace_email', node())" />
  </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

Input XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<addresses>
    <person>
        <name>Ramesh babu</name>
	<firstname>Ramesh</firstname>
	<lastname>babu</lastname>
        <email>Ram@w3mauthor.com</email>
    </person>
    <person>
        <name>Jolld babu</name>
	<firstname>jolld</firstname>
	<lastname>babu</lastname>
        <email>Jolld@w3mauthor</email>
    </person>
</addresses>

Calling PHP Functions from XSLT Stylesheets

Invoke the XSLTProcessor::registerPHPFunctions( ) method to enable this functionality:

$xslt = new XSLTProcessor();
$xslt->registerPHPFunctions();

And use the function( ) or functionString( ) function within your stylesheet:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
    xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl"
    xsl:extension-element-prefixes="php">
 
<xsl:template match="/">
    <xsl:value-of select="php:function('strftime', '%c')" />
</xsl:template>
 
</xsl:stylesheet>

Set XSLT Parameters from PHP

Use the XSLTProcessor::setParameter( ) method: The first argument is the namespace and can be null

$uid = '123';
 
$dom  = new DOMDocument
$dom->load('addresses.xml');
$xsl  = new DOMDocument
$xsl->load('stylesheet.xsl');
 
$xslt = new XSLTProcessor();
$xslt->importStylesheet($xsl);
$xslt->setParameter(NULL, 'user_id', $uid);
print $xslt->transformToXML($dom);

stylesheet.xsl:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
  xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
 
<xsl:template match="@*|node()">
  <xsl:copy>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
  </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
 
<xsl:template match="/addresses/person">
  <xsl:if test="userid=$user_id">
    <xsl:copy>
      <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
    </xsl:copy>
  </xsl:if>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

Check if XSLT Transformation failed

// Load XSL template
$xsl = newDOMDocument;
$xsl->load('stylesheet.xsl');
 
// Create new XSLTProcessor
$xslt = new XSLTProcessor();
// Load stylesheet
$xslt->importStylesheet($xsl);
 
// Load XML input file
$xml = new DOMDocument;
$xml->load('data.xml');
 
// Transform to string
$results = $xslt->transformToXML($xml);
 
// Transform to a file
$results = $xslt->transformToURI($xml, 'results.txt');
 
// Transform to DOM object
$results = $xslt->transformToDoc($xml);
 
if (false === ($results = $xslt->transformToXML($xml))) {
    // an error occurred
}

Transforming XML with XSLT

Use PHP’s XSLT extension:

// Load XSL template
$xsl = newDOMDocument;
$xsl->load('stylesheet.xsl');
 
// Create new XSLTProcessor
$xslt = new XSLTProcessor();
// Load stylesheet
$xslt->importStylesheet($xsl);
 
// Load XML input file
$xml = new DOMDocument;
$xml->load('data.xml');
 
// Transform to string
$results = $xslt->transformToXML($xml);
 
// Transform to a file
$results = $xslt->transformToURI($xml, 'results.txt');
 
// Transform to DOM object
$results = $xslt->transformToDoc($xml);

The transformed text is stored in $results.

Using XPath with SimpleXML

$s = simplexml_load_file('addresses.xml');
$people = $s->xpath('/addresses/person');
 
foreach($people as $p) {
    list($firstname) = $p->xpath('firstname');
    list($lastname) = $p->xpath('lastname');
 
    print "$firstname $lastname\n";
}

Input XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<addresses>
    <person>
        <name>Ramesh babu</name>
	<firstname>Ramesh</firstname>
	<lastname>babu</lastname>
        <email>Ram@w3mauthor.com</email>
    </person>
    <person>
        <name>Jolld babu</name>
	<firstname>jolld</firstname>
	<lastname>babu</lastname>
        <email>Jolld@w3mauthor</email>
    </person>
</addresses>

Using XPath with DOM

$dom = new DOMDocument;
$dom->load('addresses.xml');
$xpath = new DOMXPath($dom);
$person = $xpath->query('/addresses/person');
 
foreach ($person as $p) {
    $fn = $xpath->query('firstname', $p);
    $firstname = $fn->item(0)->firstChild->nodeValue;
 
    $ln = $xpath->query('lastname', $p);
    $lastname = $ln->item(0)->firstChild->nodeValue;
 
    print "$firstname $lastname\n";
}

Input XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<addresses>
    <person>
        <name>Ramesh babu</name>
	<firstname>Ramesh</firstname>
	<lastname>babu</lastname>
        <email>Ram@w3mauthor.com</email>
    </person>
    <person>
        <name>Jolld babu</name>
	<firstname>jolld</firstname>
	<lastname>babu</lastname>
        <email>Jolld@w3mauthor</email>
    </person>
</addresses>

Get Information Using XPath in DOM

<?php
$dom = new DOMDocument;
$dom->load('addresses.xml');
$xpath = new DOMXPath($dom);
$email = $xpath->query('/addresses/person/email');
 
foreach ($emails as $email) {
    // do something with $email
}
?>

Input XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<addresses>
    <person>
        <name>Ramesh babu</name>
        <email>Ram@w3mauthor.com</email>
    </person>
    <person>
        <name>Jolld</name>
        <email>Jolld@w3mauthor</email>
    </person>
</addresses>

Get Information Using XPath in simpleXML

XPath is available in SimpleXML:

<?php
$s = simplexml_load_file('addresses.xml');
$emails = $s->xpath('/addresses/person/email');
 
foreach ($emails as $email) {
    // do something with $email
}
?>

Input XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<addresses>
    <person>
        <name>Ramesh babu</name>
        <email>Ram@w3mauthor.com</email>
    </person>
    <person>
        <name>Jolld</name>
        <email>Jolld@w3mauthor</email>
    </person>
</addresses>

XMLReader node type values

Node type Description
XMLReader::NONE No node type
XMLReader::ELEMENT Start element
XMLReader::ATTRIBUTE Attribute node
XMLReader::TEXT Text node
XMLReader::CDATA CDATA node
XMLReader::ENTITY_REF Entity Reference node
XMLReader::ENTITY Entity Declaration node
XMLReader::PI Processing Instruction node
XMLReader::COMMENT Comment node
XMLReader::DOC Document node
XMLReader::DOC_TYPE Document Type node
XMLReader::DOC_FRAGMENT Document Fragment node
XMLReader::NOTATION Notation node
XMLReader::WHITESPACE Whitespace node
XMLReader::SIGNIFICANT_WHITESPACE Significant Whitespace node
XMLReader::END_ELEMENT End Element
XMLReader::END_ENTITY End Entity
XMLReader::XML_DECLARATION XML Declaration node

Parsing Large XML Documents using XMLReader

Use the XMLReader extension:

$reader = new XMLReader();
$reader->open(‘input.xml’);

/* Loop through document */
while ($reader->read()) {
if ($reader->nodeType == XMLREADER::ELEMENT && $reader->localName == ‘author’) {
$reader->read();
print $reader->value . “\n”;
}
}
?>

Input XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<books>
    <book>
        <title>Learn PHP XML</title>
        <author>w3mauthor</author>
        <author>w3mauthor1</author>
        <subject>PHP</subject>
    </book>
    <book>
        <title>Learn Perl</title>
        <author>w3mauthor</author>
        <author>w3mauthor1</author>
        <subject>Perl</subject>
    </book>
</books>

Printing all nodes using getElementsByTagname in DOM

// find and print all authors
$authors = $dom->getElementsByTagname('author');
 
// loop through author elements
foreach ($authors as $author) {
    // childNodes holds the author values
    $text_nodes = $author->childNodes;
 
    foreach ($text_nodes as $text) {
         print $text->nodeValue . "\n";
    }
}

Input XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<books>
    <book>
        <title>Learn PHP XML</title>
        <author>w3mauthor</author>
        <author>w3mauthor1</author>
        <subject>PHP</subject>
    </book>
    <book>
        <title>Learn Perl</title>
        <author>w3mauthor</author>
        <author>w3mauthor1</author>
        <subject>Perl</subject>
    </book>
</books>

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