What does 6 Sigma represent?
What does 6 Sigma represent?
1. Meaning 99.99997% perfect; only 3.4 defects in a million
2. Meaning 5.6 defects in a million
3. Defect of one sixth of the product is accepted
4. None of the above
Answer 1. Meaning 99.99997% perfect; only 3.4 defects in a million
What are capable processes?
A stable process that is centered on target and has small enough variation will offer little chance of non-conformance. Such processes are known as _.
1.Able
2.Capable
3.Reliable
4.Adaptable
Answer 2.Capable
who developed Control Charts?
_ developed Control Charts?
1. Shewhart
2. Juran
3. Deming
4. Pareto
Answer 1. Shewhart
_ analysis is when the researchers are looking for relationships between two groups of data points?
_ analysis is when the researchers are looking for relationships between two groups of data points.
1.Regression
2.Correlation
3.Break-even
Answer 2.Correlation
Single factor experiment
The experiments in which the effect of only one signal factor or input variable on a response variable is studied is called as _.
1. Multiple factor experiment
2. Single factor experiment
3. Unique experiment
4. Response experiment
Answer 2. Single factor experiment
The output variable that is being studied. What is measured?
The output variable that is being studied and measured in an experiment is the ______ variable.
1.Noise
2.Intermittent
3.Response
4.Input
Answer 3.Response
The two components of a measurement error are?
The two components of a measurement error are
1.continuous, cyclic
2.nominal, ratio
3.random, systematic
4.compound, stratified
Answer 3.random, systematic
Each Measurement has an error associated with it
Each Measurement has an error associated with it.
True or false?
Answer: True.
Problem to compute cp index of a process
The specification limits for the inside diameter of a hole are (0.995″, 1.005″). The standard deviation of the inside diameters are generated by a lathe machine selected to process this component is estimated to be 0.002″. Compute the Cp index of this process. Assume that the inside diameters generated by the machine follow normal distribution.
1.0.9673
2.0.8333
3.0.7444
4.0.8777
Answer 2.0.8333
Process capability is _ times Standard Deviation
Process capability is _______ times Standard Deviation.
1. 4
2. 8
3. 3
4. 5
5. 6
Answer 5. 6
What are the range of values in normal distribution?
In the case of a normal distribution, there is no finite range that contains 100% of the values, hence the range containing ________ of the values is taken as the benchmark.
1.99.78
2.99.10
3.99.99
4.99.73
Answer 4.99.73
How does Process capability analysis relate to the mean and the variance?
Process capability analysis relates the mean and the variance of the distribution tolerance limits and/of a quality characteristic to the specification gives numerical measures of the extent to which the above conditions are met.
True or False?
Answer: True.
A measure of central tendency of a distribution is a numerical value that?
A measure of central tendency of a distribution is a numerical value that:
1.describes how the data tend to build up in the center
2.describes the average value of the data collected
3.describes the number of data that is in the center
4.none of the above
Answer 1.describes how the data tend to build up in the center
How to control variation in a process?
Improving the control of variation ________ the probability that the product or service will conform to specifications.
1.Decreases
2.Eliminates
3.Improves
4.Equals
Answer 3.Improves
How is Statistical Process Control a means of improving processes?
Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a means of improving processes by reducing ______
1.production
2.defects
3.waste
4.variability
Answer 4.variability
What is the difference between project and product quality?
Product quality is the quality and conformance, of the end product or deliverables of a project, to the standards and requirements. Product quality Product quality can be iterative developed and improved. Project quality is the quality of the management/implementation processes used in the conversion of the project requirements to a tangible end result. Project quality needs continuous improvement if the product quality has to be good.
The project quality refers to things like applying proper project management practices to cost, time, resources, communication etc. It covers managing changes within the project. The deliverable quality refers to the ‘fit for purpose’ aspect. It covers things like how well it meets the user’s needs, and the total cost of ownership. A quality project may deliver low quality deliverables and vice versa. It is more likely however that a high quality project will deliver high quality deliverables. You can see that if you were checking project quality you would look at completely different things than if you were looking at the quality of the deliverables.
From a project perspective what is quality control?
Quality control is a process employed to ensure a certain level of quality in a product or service. It may include whatever actions a business deems necessary to provide for the control and verification of certain characteristics of a product or service. The basic goal of quality control is to ensure that the products, services, or processes provided meet specific requirements and are dependable, satisfactory, and fiscally sound. Preventive and corrective plans should be developed in case there is a need to ensure that the process/procedure/service needs to be re-examined.
Monitoring specific project results to determine whether they comply with relevant quality standards and identifying ways to eliminate causes of unsatisfactory performance.
Define the process of quality assurance?
Define the process of quality assurance as it relates to determining quality standards on a project?
Quality assurance is the process of verifying or determining whether products or services meet or exceed customer expectations. Quality assurance is a process-driven approach with specific steps to help define and attain goals. This process considers design,selection of quality standards, development, production, and service.
Applying the planned, systematic quality activities to ensure that the project employs all processes needed to meet requirements.
Define quality planning form the perspective of planning for meeting customer expectations on a project?
Quality planning is the systematic process that translates quality policy into measurable objectives and requirements, and lays down a sequence of steps for realizing them within a specified timeframe. The quality plan contains elements that are based on customer feedback, complaints, voice of customer and historical lessons learned from customer expectations. Identifies which quality standards are relevant to the project and determining how to satisfy them
What does a Pareto chart depict?
A Pareto chart:
1.graphically depicts trends and pattens of a variable
2.helps focus attention on the most critical issues
3.depicts the relationship between two variables
4.isn’t very practical to in project management
Answer: 2.helps focus attention on the most critical issues
